The National Library of Estonia functions as the development centre of librarianship, conducting professional scientific and research activities in collaboration with libraries and other institutions on both national and international level.

In addition, the National Library organises professional training for Estonian library employees.

The National Library as the development centre of librarianship is responsible for compiling and analysing national library statistics, the standardisation of librarianship and terminology issues.

The National Library also acts as the centre of information for library and information sciences, acquiring and providing trade information.